Astronomy

At 14 miles high, Olympus Mons is the tallest mountain in the solar system. What planet is its home?

Mars
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympus_Mons

Zoology

Found only in Hawaii, the Nene, is what kind of bird?

A Goose
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_Goose

Geography

What 2 rivers in Brazil meet, but don't mix until 4 miles further downstream?

Rio Negro and the Amazon
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meeting_of_Waters

Geography

With the highest point only 7 feet above sea level, what country is the planet's lowest?

The Maldives
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maldives

Geography

Iguaçu Falls, a natural wonder to behold, separate what two countries?

Brazil and Argentina
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iguazu_Falls

Geography

The deepest lake in the US has no tributaries or outlets, yet has some of the clearest, cleanest water in North America. What lake is it?

Crater Lake (Oregon)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crater_Lake

Movies

In what country can you see the "Cliffs of Insanity" (aka. Cliffs of Moher) from The Princess Bride)?

Ireland
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliffs_of_Moher

Pop Culture

What movie director recently became the first solo man to reach the deepest point in the ocean in a sub?

James Cameron (Directed Avatar, The Abyss, Titanic)
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/03/120325-james-cameron-mariana-trench-challenger-deepest-returns-science-sub/

Geography

The Māori people are native to what country?

New Zealand
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people

American History

Tadeusz Kościuszko was a Polish and American General. What American war did he fight in?

The Revolutionary War
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko

World History

What nation was created on May 14, 1948?

Israel
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Israel

Geography

In Southwestern Australia, Hillier Lake has a unique color - what color is it?

Pink

Biology

Besides a platypus, what is another mammal that lays eggs?

Echidna

Geography

In what country can you find an island inside of a lake, inside of an island, inside of a lake, inside of an island?

The Philippines
See Lake Taal for more info

Flags

What is the only U.S state whose flag is not rectangular? (Reminder: a square is still a rectangle)

Bonus: What is the only nation whose flag is not rectangular?

Ohio

Nepal